Suchergebnisse

Tras la renovación de la Tregua de los Doce Años, en Bruselas se manifestaron diversas sensibilidades políticas sobre la misma. Entre ellas, fueron particularmente importantes algunas relacionadas con las formas de espiritualidad que se encontraban en vigor en el espacio áulico madrileño. Es lo que sucedió con los confesores de los archiduques Alberto e Isabel, los cuales presentaron puntos de vista diferentes, pese a que la historiografía tradicional los ha visto como un binomio que actuó siempre de mutuo acuerdo. El confesor dominico de Alberto, Íñigo de Brizuela, expresó una opinión prudente que salvaguardara los intereses hispanos en los Países Bajos. Mientras, Andrés de Soto, confesor recoleto de Isabel y próximo a Gracián de la Madre de Dios, luchó por el triunfo del catolicismo por encima de los intereses de la Monarquía Hispana. El presente artículo, expone las actitudes políticas de los dos confesores, sus diferencias y las razones que pueden explicarlas ; In Brussels, different political views were expressed on the occasion of the conclusion and the renewal of the Twelve Years Truce. These were accorded to different forms of spirituality of Madrid's court. Archdukes Albert and Isabel's confessors, known in the historiography as a pair working hand-in-hand, expressed differing opinions. Albert's Dominican confessor, Iñigo de Brizuela, voiced a cautious view which was aimed to preserve Spanish interests in the Catholic Netherlands. Andrés de Soto, Isabel's Recollect confessor and close to Gracián de la Madre de Dios, was struggling for the victory of Catholicism. Their political actions and its reasons will be covered by this paper

Twelve years have passed since Adolf Hitler committed suicide in his bunker at Berlin. Since then a number of aides and associates have published their memoirs, but on the whole the literature on Hitler has been surprisingly meager. Some of those who could have told us more about him did not survive him long enough to do so, while few of the survivors were articulate enough to set down their recollections in writing. Nevertheless among recently published reminiscences dealing with the Fuehrer a few do contain data that are new and significant. Taken together with the Proceedings of the Nürnberg Trials and the records of his informal table talks, they cast some additional light on that sinister and elusive figure.

Solomon Northup was a free man, the son of an emancipated Negro Slave. Until the spring of 1841 he lived a simple, uneventful life with his wife and three children in Upstate New York. Then, suddenly, he fell victim to a series of bizarre events that make this one of the most amazing autobiographies ever written. Northup accepted an offer from two strangers in Saratoga, New York, to catch up with their traveling circus and play in its band. But when the chase ended, Northup had been drugged, beaten, and sold to a slave trader in Washington, D.C. Subsequently, he was shipped to New Orleans, where he was purchased by a planter in the Red River region of Louisiana. For the next twelve years Northup lived as a chattel slave under several masters. He might well have died a slave, except for another set of bizarre circumstances which enabled him to get word to his family and finally regain his freedom. These elements alone -- the kidnapping, enslavement, and rescue -- are sufficient for a sensational story. But Northup provides more. He was a shrewd observer of people and events. His memory was remarkable. He described cultivation of cotton and sugar in the Deep South. He detailed the daily routine and general life of the Negro slave. Indeed, he vividly portrayed the world of slavery -- from the underside. Originally published in 1853, Northup's autobiography is regarded as one of the best accounts of American Negro slavery ever written by a slave. It is reprinted in full here for the first time, as the initial volume in The Library of Southern Civilization. Northup's account has been carefully checked by the editors and has been found to be remarkably accurate. To his own narrative of a long and tragic adventure, Professors Eakin and Logsdon have added significant new details about Northup and the plantation country where he spent most of his

Iñigo de Brizuela and Andrés de Soto, both confessors of the Archdukes were key figures at Brussels' court. Each of them used to influence the policy, using different bias. But they weren't trying to reach similar goals: Brizuela carefully acted to preserve Spanish interests in the Catholic Netherlands, while de Soto struggled for a Catholic victory. Their political actions and its reasons will be covered by this paper. ; Iñigo de Brizuela – confesor de l'archiduque Alberto en la Corte de Bruselas – y Andrés de Soto – Confesor de Isabel Clara Eugenia – son dos figuras clavé de la Corte. Brizuela pertenencia a la orden de los predicadores y tiene un papel en el consejo de Estado de Bruselas como consejero. De Soto no tiene un papel político definido, pero su influencia en materia de religión y piedad es importante. Ambos no siguen una línea política similar: el primero actúa con prudencia por la guarda de los interés españoles en los Países Bajos, mientras que el secundo lucha para el triunfo del catolicismo. Esto articulo trata de las actitudes políticas de ambos religiosos, de sus diferencias y de las razones que pueden explicarlas. ; Peer reviewed

This paper aims to approach those positions that could arise in different sectors of opinion along the lines of the Spanish-Dutch negotiations that took place from 1606, resulting in the signing of a cease-fire in 1607 and a twelve-year truce in 1609. Previously, we try to point out those changes in the model of Spanish foreign policy promoted by the arrival of Philip III and how they affected a general European process of stability and peace that would take place between 1609 and 1618. However, our main intention is to underline those factors that took both contenders to the negotiating table and what were the points of view about the truce and the interests in the main figures, both Dutch and Spanish files. In this sense we also include the attitudes of those groups and individuals that indirectly had influence on the development of discussions, putting pressure on one way or another, and achieving a final result with small doses of success. ; Este trabajo tiene como finalidad un acercamiento a aquellas posturas que pudieron surgir en distintos sectores de opinión al hilo de las negociaciones hispano-neerlandesas que tuvieron lugar a partir de 1606, dando lugar a la firma de un alto el fuego en 1607 y de una tregua de doce años en 1609. Aunque en sus primeras páginas se intenta poner de manifiesto aquellas primeras medidas en política exterior promovidas con la llegada de Felipe III y cómo estas afectan a un proceso de estabilidad y pacificación generalizada en el marco europeo que vería su culminación entre los años de 1609-1618, hay que decir que su intención primordial es la de apuntar aquellos factores que llevaron a ambos contendientes a la mesa de negociación y cuáles fueron las opiniones e intereses respecto a la tregua de los principales protagonistas al respecto, tanto desde filas neerlandesas como españolas. En este sentido, abarca también las actitudes de aquellos grupos e individuos que indirectamente influirían en el desarrollo de las conversaciones, presionando en una u otra línea, y dando lugar a un resultado final con pocas dosis de éxito.